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PD-1 (clone QR2)

PD-1 (clone QR2)

Programmed Death 1 (PD-1, CD279) is a membrane protein that functions as a surface receptor for its ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2. PD-1 is primarily expressed on activated T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and myeloid cells.
PD-1 acts as an immune checkpoint, playing a key role in immune regulation by inhibiting T-cell activation, which in turn reduces the risk of autoimmunity. However, some cancer cells exploit this mechanism to evade apoptosis by suppressing T-cell responses directed against them.
PD-1 (QR2) is a useful diagnostic marker for angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL). Additionally, increased PD-1 expression has been associated with poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and renal cell carcinoma (RCC).
Targeted PD-1 blockade therapies have shown promising results in the treatment of breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and melanoma. [1-8]

    • Literature:
      [1] Dorfman DM, Brown JA, Shahsafaei A, & Freeman GJ (2006). Am J Surg Pathol. 30: 802-10.
      [2] Ostrand-Rosenberg S, Horn LA, & Haile ST (2014). J Immunol. 193(8): 3835-41.
      [3] Kantekure K, Yang Y, Raghunath P, et al. (2012). Am J Dermatopathol. 34: 126-8.
      [4] Zeng Z, Shi F, Zhou L, et al. (2011). PLoS One. 6(9): e23621.
      [5] Thompson RH, Dong H, Lohse CM, et al. (2007). Clin Cancer Res. 13: 1757-61.
      [6] Muenst S, Soysal SD, Gao F, et al. (2013). Breast Cancer Res Treat. 139(3): 667-76.
      [7] Konishi J, Yamazaki K, Azuma M, et al. (2004). Clin Cancer Res. 10: 5094-100.
      [8] D’Incecco A, Andreozzi M, Ludovini V, et al. (2015). Br J Cancer 
      112(1): 95-102.

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